Background papers for Thanos and Maniatis Discussion

The primary paper (Thanos, D. and Maniatis, T., 1995. "Virus Induction of Human IFN-beta Gene Expression Requires the Assembly of an Enhanceosome." Cell 83, 1091-1100), to be discussed 2/19/96, presents experiments concerning the origin of transcriptional synergy in the activation of the IFN-beta enhancer/promoter.

Background Area (paper):

• Models for transcriptional synergy (Lin et al., 1990; Carey et al., 1990)
• Previous work on IFN-beta architecture (Du et al., 1993)
• Gel experiments on the enhancer geometry (Falvo et al., 1995)
• Strutcure of NF--kappaB bound to DNA (Burley, 1995)
• Biology of NF--kappaB (Thanos and Maniatis, 1995b)
• In vivo caveat (Reis et al., 1994)
• Interaction between HMG I(Y) and NF--kappaB, methods (Thanos and Maniatis, 1992)
• Variety of synergy mechanisms (Szymanski and Levine, 1995)
• Identification of relevant NF--kappaB family member (Thanos and Maniatis, 1995a)
• Extra-close reading (discussion leader...?)

Carey, M., Lin, Y.-S., Green, M. R., and Ptashne, M. (1990). "A mechanism for synergistic activation of a mammalian gene by GAL4 derivatives." Nature 345, 361-364.

Du, W., Thanos, D., and Maniatis, T. (1993). "Mechanisms of Transcriptional Synergism between Distinct Virus-Inducible Enhancer Elements." Cell 74, 887-898.

Falvo, J. V., Thanos, D., and Maniatis, T. (1995). "Reversal of Intrinsic DNA Bends in the IFN-beta Gene Enhancer by Transcription Factors and the Architectural Protein HMG I(Y)." Cell 83, 1101-1111.

Lin, Y.-S., Carey, M., Ptashne, M., and Green, M. R. (1990). "How different eukaryotic transcriptional activators can cooperate promiscuously." Nature 345, 359-361.

Reis, L. F. L., Ruffner, H., Stark, G., Aguet, M., and Weissmann, C. (1994). "Mice devoid of interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) show normal expression of type I interferon genes." EMBO J. 13, 4796-4806.

Szymanski, P. and Levine, M. (1995). "Multiple modes of dorsal-bHLH transcriptional synergy in the Drosophila embryo." EMBO J. 14, 2229-2238.

Thanos, D. and Maniatis, T. (1992). "The High Mobility Group Protein HMG I(Y) Is Required for NF--kappaB-Dependent Virus Induction of the Human IFN--beta Gene." Cell 71, 777-789.

Thanos, D. and Maniatis, T. (1995a). "Identification of the rel Family Members Required for Virus Induction of the Human Beta Interferon Gene." Mol. Cell. Biol. 15, 152-164.

Thanos, D. and Maniatis, T. (1995b). "NF--kappaB: A Lesson in Family Values." Cell 80, 529-532.